Geological Assessment of Mining Potential in Upper Cretaceous-Lower Paleocene Deposits: A Case Study of the Bani Walid Area, Northwest Libya.

Abstract

A geological assessment of the mining potential in the Upper Cretaceous to Lower Paleocene deposits of the Bani Walid area, northwest Libya, was conducted, focusing on the Mizdah Formation (comprising the Qasr Tigrinnah, Mazuzah, and Thala Members) and the Zmam Formation (including the Lower Tar Marl, Upper Tar Marl, and Had Limestone Members). The evaluation combined field studies, collection of 20 representative rock and sediment samples, petrographic analysis, and geochemical testing. Results indicate that the thick, well-bedded limestones of the Mazuzah Member and the gypsum-rich sequences of the Thala Member hold significant potential for use as construction materials and industrial minerals. Additionally, localized occurrences of Celestite (strontium sulphate) within the Zmam Formation suggest possible niche mineralization. However, previously reported phosphate deposits were not substantiated by radiometric and chemical analyses. The study concludes that while limestone and gypsum extraction is feasible, no economically viable deposits of phosphate or metallic minerals were identified. These findings, grounded in a detailed understanding of the stratigraphy and depositional environments, provide a basis for sustainable resource development in north western Libya, effectively linking geological assessment with practical mining applications.